The purdue university online writing lab serves writers from around the world and the purdue this page is brought to you by the owl at purdue university. 3 apa stylistics basics point of view and voice in an apa paper use. Apa (american psychological association) is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences 3/24/ · Purdue University Purdue Online Writing Lab COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS Purdue University College of Liberal Arts Changes in the 7th Edition Note: This page reflects the latest version of the APA Publication Manual (i.e., APA 7), which released in October The equivalent resource for the older APA 6 style can be found here. Cite your source automatically in APA Website Search by The Purdue Global Writing Center empowers students and supports faculty by offering positive, holistic feedback through media-rich services and resources. Professional Purdue Global Writing Tutors foster a community of writers and guide students through all facets and stages of the writing blogger.com: Chrissine Cairns
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No Downloads. Views Total views. Actions Shares. No notes for slide. APA Literature Review Example by Purdue Online Writing Lab 1. Student Purdue University Heading on all pages : running head plus page number Running head a shortened version of the title is defined on the title page and used in the heading of your paper.
Heading is right justified. Running head is left justified. It is a disorder that disturbs their mood, causes a loss of interest or pleasure in activities they should enjoy, and makes them irritable. Several things are thought to be correlated with depression in adolescents.
In the present paper, the role of attachment plays in adolescent depression is investigated. It is hypothesized that purdue online writing lab apa attached adolescents, ambivalent or avoidantwill display higher levels of depression related symptoms and behaviors than securely attached adolescents. The following five literature review attempt to demon- strate and support this hypothesis. In a research article by Salzmantwo specific questions were addressed for guid- ing the study.
First, would the age group being investigated correspond in fre- quency and quality to attachment patterns reported by other researchers? Second, would personality characteristics of secure adolescent attachments correlate with personality characteristics of infant and child studies? The focus of the investigation was on late adolescent female attachment patterns, specifically maternal, using a semi structured interview, purdue online writing lab apa.
It is purdue online writing lab apa that secretly attached females will have a strong positive identification with their mother, higher self-esteem ratings, purdue online writing lab apa, and lower depression scores, wile ambivalent and avoidant females will have a more negative identification with their mother, lower self-esteem ratings, and higher depressions scores.
The sample consisted originally of random psychology students at a college, but through screening procedures and the importance to have approximately equal numbers in all categories of attachment, it was reduced to 28 who were used in the study.
Explains why topic is important This is considered jargon and needs to be explained. Studies are listed in alphabetical order. Gives read- er an idea of what the paper will cover. Focuses only on reviewing literature that supports hypothesis. Descriptions of the prior studies should always be in the past tense because the study has already oc- curred.
Notice that not a lot of detail is given about how the study was conducted. Instead, the description focuses on the rationale behind the study. Adolescent Depression 3 The results in this study supported the hypothesis that relative percentages of the at- tachments secure, ambivalent, avoidant would correspond to those reported by infant researchers. The results also indicated that there was a signifi- cant difference in personality characteristics between the secure and ambivalent groups.
Ambivalently attached females were significantly more depress and reported signifi- cantly lower rates of self-esteem than securely attached female adolescents, purdue online writing lab apa. It is also reported that securely attached female adolescents have a significantly more posi- tive maternal identification than ambivalently attached adolescents and avoidant female adolescents fall in the middle.
All of these results combined confirm the hypothesis that personality characteristics like positive affect, interpersonal skills, and self-esteem, of securely attached adolescents cor- relates to infant child purdue online writing lab apa characteristics of secure attachments Salzman, One limitation to the study is that it is not longitudinal. It rests on he here and now rather than beginning at childhood and following the females as they were developing. Another limitation to the study is the sample consisted of all females.
The correlations may have been significantly different had adolescent boys been involved. All citations come before punctuation Notice that the author focuses on the main findings that related to the hypothesis stated earlier.
Author points out relevant methodological issues that may have affected findings. Adolescent Depression 4 Next, the topic of attachment in relation to adolescent depression is addressed according to social networks. In a research article by Olsson et al. First, do depressed adolescents have a more limited and insufficient social net- work? Second, do depressed adolescents view the emotional condition of their family as more negative?
The focus of the study is to investigate the social networks of depressed adolescents, with and without conduct disorder comorbidity, and compare the results with the social networks of the control group non-depressed adolescents. A sample of pairs, agesfemale and male were used in the study. Five subgroups were cre- ated out of these pairs through initial screening processes.
The results indicate than an adolescent with an episode of major depression does not differ significantly from the controls. They do not have deficiencies in social interac- tions, attachment, or family climate. This finding is not easily explained other than these individuals are less affected by the depressive thinking.
On the other hand, purdue online writing lab apa, adolescents with double depression or dysthmia feel their primary caregiver is available but more inadequate than controls. Also, they view their family condition as more negative than controls. These results confirm the hypothesis that depressed adolescents have an insuffi- cient, limited social network and that they view their family conditions as more purdue online writing lab apa Olsson, et al.
One limitation to this study is the information is from the adoles- cents themselves. Parents had no involvement. Another limitation is that the controls were chosen from the whole group after screening by having a score below moderate depression. The controls themselves may not be absolutely free from depression.
It would be better to show the connections between the ideas of the different studies. This would make the organization of the paper clearer to the reader and would stress the similarities and differences between the studies. With more than two authors, use all of the names in the first citation.
Discusses findings and how they relate to the hypothesis. This is much more common in APA style. This sentence would be clearer as two separate sentence Explains how the findings contradict the hypothesis.
Adolescent Depression 5 Next, the topic of attachment in relation to adolescent depression is addressed using a hypothetical model. In the research article by Milne and Lancasterthey investi- gate the processes that are related to depression. The main focus was to create a model that included parent representations, parent attachment, peer attachment, separation-indi- viduation, interpersonal concerns, and self-critical concerns and demonstrate how, when combined, they can predict symptoms of depression in adolescents.
The sample consisted of 59 females, agesfrom secondary schools. It is predicted that past parenting will be related to attachment felt to parent currently, that maternal control and care will be related to attachment and the process of separation-individuation, that adolescent attach- ment will be directly related to parent attachment The results indicate that female adolescent purdue online writing lab apa of depression are explained by interpersonal concerns, self-critical concerns, parent and peer attachment, perceived parenting, and separation-individuation.
Purdue online writing lab apa results indicate that female adolescents are more vulnerable to depressive symptoms if the have low levels of maternal care, expe- rience feelings of purdue online writing lab apa, dependence, and self-criticism, and have poor parent and peer attachments. Both maternal care and control predicted parent attachment. In regards to this finding, too much maternal care predicts high levels of depression, purdue online writing lab apa.
One limitation of this study is that shorter versions of some measure had to be used due to the time constraints mandated by the school.
Writing is a Discipline Specific: Introduction to Graduate Writing Series
, time: 22:39APA Literature Review Example by Purdue Online Writing Lab
The Online Writing Lab (OWL) at Purdue University houses writing resources and instructional material, and we provide these as a free service of the Writing Lab at Purdue. IT can be used by both instructors and students, and is a site that students should be introduced to in order to use it as a resource throughout their academic careers The purdue university online writing lab serves writers from around the world and the purdue this page is brought to you by the owl at purdue university. 3 apa stylistics basics point of view and voice in an apa paper use. Apa (american psychological association) is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences The Purdue Global Writing Center empowers students and supports faculty by offering positive, holistic feedback through media-rich services and resources. Professional Purdue Global Writing Tutors foster a community of writers and guide students through all facets and stages of the writing blogger.com: Chrissine Cairns
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